Amabhethri e-lead-acid namabhethri e-lithium
1. I-Holy-acid amabhethri
1.1 Yini amabhethri e-live-acid?
● Ibhethri le-lead-acid yibhethri yesitoreji le-electrodes yalo ikakhulukaziholakanyeuthi, futhi i-electrolyte yakhe iyiIsixazululo se-Sulfuric Acid.
● Amandla kagesi aqokiwe webhethri le-acid elithile elilodwaI-2.0V, okungakhishwa ku-1.5v bese ekhokhiswa ku-2.4V.
● Kuhlelo lokusebenza,6 Iseli elilodwaAmabhethri e-lead-acid avame ukuxhunywa ngochungechunge ukwakha okungokwesikoI-12VIbhethri le-lead-acid.
1.2 Ukuhola kwebhethri yebhethri
● Esimweni sokukhishwa kwe-lead-acid amabhethri, isakhi esiyinhloko se-electrode enhle sihola i-dioxide, kanye nokugeleza kwamanje kusuka ku-electrode emihle, kanye nengxenye eyinhloko ye-electrode engemihle ihola.
● Esikhathini esikhokhisweni samabhethri e-lead-acid, izingxenye eziphambili ze-electrodes ezinhle nezingalungile zihola i-sulfate, kanye nokugeleza kwamanje kusuka ku-electrode enhle.
●Amabhethri we-Graphene: I-Graphene Priving Addetifieszingezwa ezintweni ezinhle kakhulu nezingalungile ze-elektrode,I-Graphene composite izinto ze-elektrodizingezwa ku-elektrode enhle, futhiIzendlalelo Zokusebenza ze-Graphenezingezwa ezingxenyeni ezisebenzayo.
1.3 Kumelelani ulwazi ngesitifiketi?
●I-6-DZF-20:6 kusho ukuthi kukhonaAma-6 grids, igridi ngayinye inamandla kagesi2V, futhi i-voltage exhunywe ochungechungeni i-12V, futhi 20 kusho ibhethri linamandla20.
● D (Electric), Z (AMANJE-ASISEKELWE), F (Valve-Valve-Reguded Ibhethri Lokulungisa Amahhala).
●DZM:D (Electric), Z (Vehicled Vehice Vehicle), m (Ibhethri elihlanganisiwe lesondlo).
●Evf:I-EV (I-Battery Vehicle), i-F (i-Valve-Valve-Regaded Ibhethri elilungiselelwe ukugcinwa kwebhethri).
1.4 Umehluko phakathi kwe-valve elawulwa futhi uvaliwe
●Ibhethri elilungiselelwe i-Valve-Resureted.Akunasidingo sokungeza amanzi noma i-acid ukuze kulungiswa, ibhethri ngokwalo yisakhiwo esivaliwe,akukho ukuvuza kwe-acid noma i-acid, ngokuphepha kwendlela eyodwaI-valve eqeda amandla, lapho igesi yangaphakathi idlula inani elithile, i-valve eqeda amandla ivula ngokuzenzakalelayo ukuqeda igesi
●Ibhethri le-acid elivaliwe elivaliweIbhethri lonkekufakwe ngokuphelele (Ukusabela kwebhethri kabusha kwebhethri kusatshalaliswa ngaphakathi kwegobolondo elivaliwe), ngakho-ke ibhethri elimahhala lesondlo alinalo "igesi eyingozi" okuchichimayo
2. Amabhethri e-Lithium
2.1 Lithini amabhethri e-lithium?
● Amabhethri e-Lithium aluhlobo lwebhethri olusebenzisayoi-lithium Metal or I-Lithium alloynjengezinto zokwakha ama-elektrode ezinhle / ezingezinhle futhi zisebenzisa izixazululo ezingalungile ze-electrolyte. (Usawoti we-lithium nama-solvents ezi-organic)
2.2 I-Lithium yebhethri yebhethri
●Amabhethri e-Lithium angahlukaniswa ngezigaba ezimbili: Amabhethri e-Lithium Metal nama-Lithium Ion Amabhethri. Amabhethri e-Lithium Ion aphakeme kunamabhethri e-lithium Metal maqondana nokuphepha, umthamo othile, izinga lokuzikhandla kanye nesilinganiso sentengo yokusebenza.
● Ngenxa yezidingo zayo zobuchwepheshe obuphakeme, kuphela izinkampani emazweni ambalwa akhiqiza lolu hlobo lwebhethri lensimbi ye-lithium.
Ibhethri le-Lithium Ion Battery
| Izinto ezi-elektrodi ezinhle | Amandla kagesi | Ubuningi bamandla | Ukuphila Komjikelezo | Khokhisa | Ukuvikeleka | Izikhathi zomjikelezo | Izinga lokushisa elijwayelekile |
| I-Lithium Cobalt oxide (LCO) | I-3.7V | Okuphakathi | -Ehlile | -Phezulu | -Ehlile | ≥500 300-500 | Lithium iron phosphate: -20 ℃ ~ 65 ℃ Ternary lithium: -20 ℃ ~ 45 ℃Amabhethri e-tithium e-ternary asebenza kahle kune-lithium iron phosphate emazingeni okushisa aphansi, kepha awamelana namazinga okushisa aphezulu njenge-lithium iron phosphate. Kodwa-ke, lokhu kuya ngezimo ezithile zefektri ngayinye yebhethri. |
| I-Lithium Manganese Oxide (LMO) | I-3.6V | -Ehlile | Okuphakathi | -Ehlile | Okuphakathi | ≥500 I-800-1000 | |
| I-Lithium Nickel Oxide (LNO) | I-3.6V | -Phezulu | -Ehlile | -Phezulu | -Ehlile | Ayikho idatha | |
| I-Lithium Iron phosphate (LFP) | I-3.2V | Okuphakathi | -Phezulu | -Ehlile | -Phezulu | 1200-1500 | |
| UNickel Cobalt Aluminium (NCA) | I-3.6V | -Phezulu | Okuphakathi | Okuphakathi | -Ehlile | ≥500 800-1200 | |
| UNickel Cobalt Manganese (NCM) | I-3.6V | -Phezulu | -Phezulu | Okuphakathi | -Ehlile | ≥1000 800-1200 |
●Izinto ze-elektrodi ezingezinhle:I-Graphite isetshenziswa kakhulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-lithium Metal, i-lithium alloy, i-aclectrode emibi ye-silicon-carbon, izinto ezingezinhle ze-electrode, njll. Ingasetshenziswa futhi nge-electrode engemihle
● Ngokuqhathanisa, i-lithium iron phosphate iyinto esebenza nge-electrode esebenza kahle kakhulu.
2.4 I-Lithium-ion Battery Shape Classification
Ibhethri le-cylindrical lithium-ion ibhethri
Ibhethri le-Prismatic Li-Ion
Ibhethri le-Lithium Ion Battery
Ibhethri le-lithium-ion elikhethekile
Ibhethri lepakethe elithambile
● Izimo ezijwayelekile ezisetshenziselwa amabhethri ezimoto kagesi:cylindrical and soft-pack
● Ibhethri le-cylindrical lithium:
● Izinzuzo: Ubuchwepheshe obuvuthiwe, izindleko eziphansi, amandla amancane amancane, kulula ukulawula, ukudicilela phansi ukushisa okuhle
● Okubi:Inani elikhulu lamaphakethe webhethri, isisindo esindayo, isibalo samandla aphansi kancane
● Ibhethri le-Lithium ye-Lithium ethambile:
● Izinzuzo: Indlela yokukhiqiza evikelekile, emfishane, okulula, ukuqina kwamandla okuphezulu, ukuhlukahluka okuningi lapho kwakheka iphakethe lebhethri
● Okubi:Ukusebenza okuphelele kwephakethe lebhethri (ukuvumelana), hhayi ukumelana namazinga okushisa aphezulu, akukho lula ukukwenza ngokujwayelekile, izindleko eziphakeme
● Yikuphi ukwakheka okungcono kumabhethri e-lithium? Eqinisweni, akukho mpendulo ephelele, ikakhulukazi kuncike ekufunweni
● Uma ufuna izindleko eziphansi nokusebenza okuhle okuphelele: Ibhethri le-Lithium ye-cylindrical lithium> Ibhethri le-Lithium elithambile
● Uma ufuna usayizi omncane, ukukhanya, ubukhulu bamandla aphezulu: Ibhethri le-lithium le-lithium elithambile> Ibhethri le-cylindrical lithium
2.5 I-Lithium yebhethri yebhethri
● I-18650: I-18mm ikhombisa ububanzi bebhethri, i-65mm ikhombisa ukuphakama kwebhethri, 0 kukhombisa ukwakheka kwe-cylindrical, njalo njalo
● Ukubalwa kwe-12v20h I-Lithium Battery: Thatha ukuthi i-voltage ephakeme yebhethri le-18650 yi-3.7V (4.2V lapho ikhokhiswa ngokuphelele) futhi umthamo u-2000 (2h)
● Ukuthola i-12V, udinga amabhethri angama-3 18650 (12/17≈3)
● Ukuthola i-20h, 20/2 = 10, udinga amaqembu ayi-10 amabhethri, ngalinye line-3 12V.
● 3 Kuchungechunge kungu-12v, 10 kufana no-20, okungukuthi, 12v20AH (amaseli angama-30 18650 ayadingeka)
● Lapho ukhipha, ukugeleza kwamanje kusuka ku-electrode emibi ku-electrode enhle
● Lapho ishaja, ukugeleza kwamanje kusuka ku-elektrode enhle kuya kwi-electrode engemihle
3. Ukuqhathanisa phakathi kwebhethri le-lithium, ibhethri le-lead-acid nebhethri le-graphene
| Ukufanisa | Ibhethri le-lithium | Ibhethri le-lead-acid | Ibhethri le-graphene |
| Intengo | -Phezulu | -Ehlile | Okuphakathi |
| Isici Sezokuphepha | -Ehlile | -Phezulu | Okuphezulu |
| Ivolumu nesisindo | Usayizi omncane, isisindo esikhanyayo | Usayizi omkhulu nesisindo esindayo | Ivolumu enkulu, esindayo kunebhethri le-lead-acid |
| Impilo yebhethri | -Phezulu | -Ngokwejwayelekile | Ephakeme kunebhethri le-lead-acid, eliphansi kunebhethri le-lithium |
| Utshani | Iminyaka engu-4 (I-Karnary Lithium: Izikhathi ezingama-800-1200 I-Lithium Iron phosphate: 1200-1500 Izikhathi) | Iminyaka emi-3 (izikhathi ezingama-3-500) | Iminyaka emi-3 (> izikhathi ezingama-500) |
| Umgidingo | I-Flexible futhi kulula ukuyiphatha | Ayikwazi ukukhokhiswa | Ayikwazi ukukhokhiswa |
| Lungisa | Okungalungiswa | Lungisa | Lungisa |
● Akukho mpendulo ephelele yokuthi ibhethri lingcono kanjani ezimotweni zikagesi. Kuncike ikakhulukazi ekufuneni amabhethri.
● Ngokuya ngempilo yebhethri nokuphila: I-Lithium Battery> I-Graphene> Holid acid.
● Mayelana nentengo nentengo yokuphepha: Hola acid> I-Graphene> Ibhethri le-Lithium.
● Ngokuya ngentengo: I-Lithium Battery> Holid acid = i-graphene.
4. Izitifiketi ezihlobene zebhethri
● Ibhethri le-lead-acid: Uma ibhethri le-lead-acid lidlula ukudlidliza, ukucindezela umehluko, kanye nezivivinyo zokushisa ezingama-55 ° C, zingakhululwa ekuhambeni kwemithwalo okujwayelekile. Uma kungaphumi izivivinyo ezintathu, kuhlukaniswa njengezigaba zezimpahla eziyingozi 8 (izinto ezilimazayo)
● Izitifiketi ezijwayelekile zifaka:
●Isitifiketi Sokuhambisa Okuphephile Kwezimpahla Zamakhemikhali(izithuthi zomoya / zolwandle);
●I-MSDS(Ishidi ledatha yokuphepha ezibonakalayo);
● I-Lithium Battery: Ihlukaniswe njenge-Class 9 Export Relex Export
● Izitifiketi ezijwayelekile zifaka: amabhethri e-lithium ajwayelekile e-UN38.3, UN3480, UN3480 ne-UN3171, Isitifiketi Sephakheji Esiyingozi, Umbiko WezokuThuthukiswa Kwezimoto
●UN38.3Umbiko Wokuhlola Ukuphepha
●I-UN3480I-Lithium-Ion Battery Pack
●I-UN3481Ibhethri le-lithium-ion elifakiwe kwizinsiza noma ze-lithium elekthronikhi ye-elekthronikhi kanye nemishini ehlanganiswe ndawonye (iKhabhinethi yempahla eyingozi)
●UN3171imoto enikwe amandla ibhethri noma imishini enikwe amandla ibhethri (ibhethri elibekwe emotweni, iKhabhinethi Yezimpahla Eziyingozi)
5. Izinkinga zebhethri
● Amabhethri e-Holive-acid asetshenziselwa isikhathi eside, futhi ukuxhumana kwensimbi ngaphakathi kwebhethri kuthambekele ekuqhekekeni, kubangele amasekethe amafushane nokuvuselelwa okuzenzakalelayo. Amabhethri e-Lithium aphezu kwempilo yenkonzo, kanti umgogodla webhethri ukuguga nokuvuza, okungadala kalula iziqebele ezimfushane namazinga okushisa aphezulu.
Amabhethri e-lead-acid
Ibhethri le-lithium
● Ukuguqulwa okungagunyaziwe: Abasebenzisi baguqula umjikelezo webhethri ngaphandle kokugunyazwa, okuthinta ukusebenza kwezokuphepha kwesifunda sikagesi semoto. Ukuguqulwa okungafanele kungadala ukuba umjikelezo wemoto ugcwale ngokweqile, ugcwele ngokweqile, ufudumele, futhi uzuze okwesikhashana.
Amabhethri e-lead-acid
Ibhethri le-lithium
● Ukwehluleka Kishaja. Uma ishaja ishiywe emotweni isikhathi eside futhi izamazama, kulula ukudala ama-capacitors kanye nokusakaza eshaja ukukhulula, okungaholela kalula ekubhekeni ibhethri. Ukuthatha ishaja engalungile nakho kungadala ukugcwala ngokweqile.
● Amabhayisekili kagesi avezwa elangeni. Ehlobo, izinga lokushisa liphezulu futhi alifanele ukupaka amabhayisekili kagesi ngaphandle elangeni. Ukushisa ngaphakathi kwebhethri kuzoqhubeka ukukhuphuka. Uma ukhokhisa ibhethri ngokushesha ngemuva kokufika ekhaya kusuka ekuhambeni emsebenzini, izinga lokushisa ngaphakathi kwebhethri lizoqhubeka likhuphuke. Lapho ifinyelela emazingeni okushisa abucayi, kulula ukugqamisa ngokuzenzakalela.
● Izithuthuthu zikagesi zifakwe kalula emanzini ngesikhathi semvula enkulu. Amabhethri e-Lithium awakwazi ukusetshenziswa ngemuva kokugcotshwa emanzini. Izimoto zikagesi ze-lead-acid ze-lidicid zidinga ukulungiswa esitolo sokulungisa ngemuva kokugcotshwa emanzini.
6. Ukulungiswa kwansuku zonke nokusetshenziswa kwamabhethri nabanye
● Gwema ukwedlula ngokweqile kanye nokukhipha ibhethri ngaphezulu kwebhethri
Ukweqile:Ngokuvamile, ama-tile ashaja asetshenziselwa ukushaja eChina. Uma ukhokhiswa ngokuphelele, ukunikezwa kwamandla kuzonqanyulwa ngokuzenzakalelayo. Lapho ishaja ngeshaja, amandla azonqanyulwa ngokuzenzakalelayo lapho ekhokhiswa ngokugcwele. Ngaphezu kwamashaja ajwayelekile ngaphandle kokushaja okugcwele kwe-Power-Off Function, lapho ekhokhiswe ngokugcwele, bazoqhubeka nokukhokhisa ngamanje, okuzothinta impilo isikhathi eside;
Ukukhishwa ngokweqile:Ngokuvamile kunconyelwa ukushaja ibhethri lapho kusele ama-20% amandla. Ukushaja ngamandla aphansi isikhathi eside kuzodala ukuthi ibhethri libe namandla kagesi, futhi kungenzeka lingakhokhiswa. Kudinga ukucutshwa futhi, futhi kungenzeka kungasebenzi.
● Gwema ukuyisebenzisa ngezimo zokushisa eziphakeme neziphansi.Ukushisa okuphezulu kuzoqinisa ukusabela kwamakhemikhali futhi kukhiqize ukushisa okuningi. Lapho ukushisa kufinyelela inani elithile elibucayi, kuzodala ukuthi ibhethri lishise futhi liqhume.
● Gwema ukushaja okusheshayo, okuzobangela ushintsho esakhiweni sangaphakathi nokungazethembi. Ngasikhathi sinye, ibhethri lizoshisa futhi lithinte impilo yebhethri. Ngokusho kwezimpawu zamabhethri ehlukene we-lithium, nge-20A Lithium Mangonganese Ibhethri le-Onide, esebenzisa ishaja le-5A kanye neshaja ye-4A ngaphansi kwezimo ezifanayo zokusebenzisa, ukusebenzisa ishaja ye-5A kuzonciphisa umjikelezo cishe amahlandla ayi-100.
●Uma imoto kagesi ingasetshenziselwa isikhathi eside, zama ukuyikhokhisa kanye ngesonto noma njalo Izinsuku eziyi-15. Ibhethri le-lead-acid ngokwalo lizodla cishe ngo-0,5% wamandla alo nsuku zonke. Izodla ngokushesha uma ifakwe emotweni entsha.
Amabhethri e-Lithium nawo azosebenzisa amandla. Uma ibhethri lingakhokhiswa isikhathi eside, lizoba sesimweni sokulahleka kwamandla kanti ibhethri lingahle lingabonakali.
Ibhethri elisha elinganikezwanga elingakaze livunyelwe kufanele likhokhiswe kanyeIzinsuku eziyi-100.
●Uma ibhethri selisetshenzisiwe isikhathi esideIsikhathi futhi sisebenze kahle, ibhethri le-lead-acid lingangezwa nge-electrolyte noma amanzi ngochwepheshe ukuze baqhubeke nokusetshenziselwa isikhathi, kepha ngaphansi kwezimo ezijwayelekile, kunconywa ukuthi babuyise ibhethri elisha ngqo. Ibhethri le-lithium lisebenza kahle kakhulu futhi alikwazi ukulungiswa. Kunconywa ukuthi ungene esikhundleni sebhethri elisha ngqo.
●Inkinga yokushaja: Ishaja kumele isebenzise imodeli efanayo. I-60V ayikwazi ukukhokhisa amabhethri angama-48V, i-60v Holy-acid ayikwazi ukushaja amabhethri we-60v lithium, futhiAmashaja we-lead-acid kanye namashaja ebhethri e-lithium awakwazi ukusetshenziswa ngokushintshana.
Uma isikhathi sokushaja isikhathi eside kunokujwayelekile, kunconywa ukuthi kukhiphe ikhebula lokushaja nokumisa ukushaja. Naka ukuthi ibhethri likhubazekile noma lilimele.
●Impilo yebhethri = I-Voltage ver Battery Ampere × isivinini ÷ Amandla emoto afomula ayilungele wonke amamodeli, ikakhulukazi amamodeli wemoto ephezulu. Kuhlanganiswe nedatha yokusebenzisa yabasebenzisi abaningi besifazane, indlela imi ngale ndlela elandelayo:
Ibhethri le-48V Lithium, 1A = 2,5km, 60V Lithium Battery, 1a = 3km, 72V Lithium Battery, 1A = 3.5km, Holy-Acid Battery cishe nge-10% ngaphansi kwe-Lithium.
Ibhethri le-48V lingagijima amakhilomitha ayi-2,5 nge-Ampere (48v20A 20 × 2,5 = amakhilomitha angama-50)
Ibhethri le-60V lingagijima amakhilomitha amathathu nge-ampere (60v20A 20 × 3 = 60 amakhilomitha)
Ibhethri le-72v lingagijima amakhilomitha angu-3.5 nge-Ampere (72v20A 20 × 3.5 amakhilomitha)
●Umthamo webhethri / Ishaja ilingana nesikhathi sokushaja, isikhathi sokushaja = umthamo webhethri / Ishaja inombolo, isibonelo 20a / 4a = amahora angama-5, ngakho-ke kuvame ukunciphisa amanje), ngakho-ke kuvame ukubhalwa njengamanje), ngakho-ke kuvame ukubhalwa njengamanje amahora angama-6-7 (ngomshuwalense)
