Isilawuli sezithuthuthu sikagesi
1. Yini isilawuli?
● Isilawuli semoto kagesi siyidivayisi yokulawula okuyisisekelo esetshenziselwa ukulawula ukuqala, ukusebenza, phambili nokubuyela emuva, isivinini, ukuma kwemoto kagesi namanye amadivaysi kagesi emoto kagesi. Kufana nobuchopho bemoto kagesi futhi kuyingxenye ebalulekile yemoto kagesi.Mane nje ubeke, ishayela imoto futhi ishintshe i-motor drive yamanje ngaphansi kokulawulwa kwesibambo ukuze kufinyelelwe ijubane lemoto.
● Izimoto zikagesi zibandakanya amabhayisekili kagesi, izithuthuthu ezinamasondo kagesi, izimoto ezinamasondo kagesi, izimoto ezinamasondo kagesi, izimoto ezinamasondo kagesi, izimoto zebhethri, njll. Izilawuli zemoto kagesi zinokusebenza okuhlukile.
● Abalawuli bezimoto ezisebenza ngogesi bahlukaniswe: abalawuli abaxubile (abavamisile ukusetshenziswa) kanye nezilawuli ezingenamkhawulo (ezisetshenziswayo).
● Abalawuli abanegciwane elijwayelekile bahlukaniswe futhi: Abalawuli bama-Square Wave, abalawuli be-Sine Wave, kanye nabalawuli be-vector.
Isilawuli sakwa-Sine Wave, isilawuli se-Square Wave, isilawuli seVector, konke kubhekisele kulayini wamanje.
● Ngokusho kwezokuxhumana, ihlukaniswe ngokulawula okukhaliphile (okuguqukayo, okuvame ukulungiswa nge-Bluetooth) kanye nokulawulwa okujwayelekile (akuguquki, isethi yefekthri, ngaphandle kokuthi kuyibhokisi lesilawuli se-rush)
● Umehluko phakathi kwemoto ehlanganisiwe nemoto ebhulathele: Imoto ebhuqele yilokho esivame ukubiza ngemoto ye-DC, futhi i-rotor yayo ifakwe amabhulashi e-carbon ngamabhulashi njenge-michilos njenge-maches. Lawa mabhulashi e-carbon asetshenziselwa ukunikeza i-rotor yamanje, ngaleyo ndlela avuse amandla kazibuthe ama-rotor nokushayela imoto ukuze ajikeleze. Ngokuphambene nalokho, ama-motors angenamkhawulo awadingi ukusebenzisa amabhulashi e-carbon, futhi asebenzise ama-magnets ahlala njalo (noma ama-electromagnets) ku-rotor ukuhlinzeka ngamandla kazibuthe. Isilawuli sangaphandle silawula ukusebenza kwemoto ngezingxenye ze-elekthronikhi.
Isilawuli se-Square Wave
Isilawuli Save Save
Isilawuli se-vector
2. Umehluko phakathi kwabalawuli
| Umklamo | Isilawuli se-Square Wave | Isilawuli Save Save | Isilawuli se-vector |
| Intengo | -Shibhile | Okuphakathi | Kubiza kakhulu |
| Ukuphatha | Elula, elinolaka | Kuhle, ulayini | Enembile, lilayini |
| Isixokoxoko | Umsindo othile | -Ehlile | -Ehlile |
| Ukusebenza kanye nokusebenza kahle, i-torque | Okuphansi, okubi kakhulu ukuguquguquka kwe-torque, ukusebenza kahle kwezimoto akukwazi ukufinyelela inani eliphakeme kakhulu | Ukushintshashintsha kweTorque High, ukuguquguquka kwezimoto akukwazi ukufinyelela inani eliphezulu | Ukushintshashintsha kwe-torque ephezulu, ukushintshanisa okunamandla okushesha okunamandla, ukusebenza kahle kwezimoto akukwazi ukufinyelela inani eliphezulu |
| Isicelo | Isetshenziswe ezimweni lapho ukusebenza kwe-motor ukujikeleza kungaphezulu | Ububanzi obubanzi | Ububanzi obubanzi |
Ngokulawulwa okunengqondo okuphezulu kanye nesivinini sokuphendula, ungakhetha isilawuli se-vector. Ngezindleko eziphansi nokusetshenziswa okulula, ungakhetha isilawuli save save.
Kepha akukho mthethonqubo okungcono, isilawuli se-square wave, isilawuli se-sine wave noma isilawuli se-vector. Ikaningi incike kwizidingo zangempela zekhasimende noma ikhasimende.
● Ukucaciswa kwezilawuli:imodeli, i-voltage, i-undervoltage, i-throttle, angle, umkhawulo wamanje, izinga lokubopha, njll.
● Imodeli:waqanjwa ngumenzi, imvamisa ebizwa ngegama lokucaciswa kwesilawuli.
● Voltage:Inani le-voltage lesilawuli, ku-V, imvamisa livoltage, okungukuthi, okufanayo nangamandla kagesi wemoto yonke, kanye ne-voltage embaxambili, okungu-48V-60V, 60v-72V.
● Undervoltage:Futhi kubhekisele kunani eliphansi lokuvikelwa kwe-voltage, okungukuthi, ngemuva kokuvinjwa okungaphansi, isilawuli sizongena ekuvikelweni okungaphansi. Ukuze uvikele ibhethri ekukhipheni ngokweqile, imoto izonikwa amandla.
● I-Throttle Voltage:Umsebenzi oyinhloko womugqa we-throttle ukuxhumana nesibambo. Ngokufaka kokufakwa kwesiginali komugqa we-throttle, isilawuli semoto kagesi singazi imininingwane yokusheshisa kwezimoto kagesi noma ukubopha ama-braking, ukuze kulawule isivinini nokuqondisa kwemoto kagesi; Imvamisa phakathi kwe-1.1v-5V.
● I-angle yokusebenza:Ngokuvamile 60 ° no-120 °, i-angle yokujikeleza iyahambisana nemoto.
● Ukukhawulelwa kwamanje:kubhekiswa kulokho okuvunyelwe okuphezulu okuvunyelwe ukudlula. Kukhudlwana okwamanje, ngokushesha ijubane. Ngemuva kokudlula inani lomkhawulo wamanje, imoto izonikwa amandla.
● Umsebenzi:Umsebenzi ohambisanayo uzobhalwa.
3. Iphrothokholi
Iphrothokholi Yokuxhumana Yomlawuli yi-protocol esetshenziselwaqaphela ukushintshaniswa kwedatha phakathi kwabalawuli noma phakathi kwezilawuli ne-PC. Inhloso yawo ukubonaUkwabelana ngolwazi nokusebenzisanaezinhlelweni ezihlukile zomlawuli. Iphrothokholi yokuxhumana ejwayelekile yokulawula izilawuli ifaka phakathiI-ModBus, ingabe, i-Profibis, ethernet, devicenet, i-hart, as-i, njll. Iphrothokholi ngayinye yokuxhumana yomlawuli inemodi yayo yokuxhumana ethile kanye ne-interface yokuxhumana.
Izindlela zokuxhumana zephrothokholi yokuxhumana yezilawuli zingahlukaniswa ngezinhlobo ezimbili:Ukuxhumana kwe-Point-to-Point kanye nokuxhumana kwebhasi.
● Ukuxhumana kwe-Point-to-Point kusho ukuxhumana okuqondile ukuxhumana phakathiizindawo ezimbili. Indawo ngayinye inekheli elihlukile, njengeI-RS232 (Old), Rs422 (Old), Rs485 (evamile) Ukuxhumana komugqa owodwa, njll.
● Ukuxhumana kwebhasi kubhekisele kuama-node amaningiUkuxhumanaIbhasi elifanayo. I-node ngayinye ingashicilela noma ithole idatha ebhasini, njenge-Can, ethernet, i-Profibis, i-DeviceNet, njll.
Njengamanje, okusetshenziswa kakhulu futhi okulula kuyintoIphrothokholi eyodwa yomugqa, kulandelwe yiIphrothokholi engu-485, noIngahloliakuvamile ukusetshenziswa kobunzima (ukumadanisa nobunzima kanye nezesekeli eziningi zidinga ukushintshwa (okuvame ukusetshenziswa ezimotweni)). Umsebenzi obaluleke kakhulu futhi olula ukondla imininingwane efanelekile yebhethri kwithuluzi lokuboniswa, futhi ungabuka imininingwane efanele yebhethri nemoto ngokusungula uhlelo lokusebenza; Njengoba ibhethri le-lead-acid alinayo ibhodi lokuvikela, amabhethri e-lithium kuphela (ane-protocol efanayo) angasetshenziswa ngokuhlanganiswa.
Uma ufuna ukufanisa iphrothokholi yokuxhumana, ikhasimende lidinga ukuhlinzeka ngeUkucaciswa kwephrothokholi, ukucaciswa kwebhethri, ibhizinisi lebhethri, njll. Uma ufuna ukufanisa ezinyeAmadivayisi wokulawula maphakathi, kufanele futhi unikeze ukucaciswa nezinhlaka.
Ibhethri-ibhethri
● Qaphela ukulawula ukuxhumana
Ukuxhumana kwisilawuli kungabona ukulawula ukuxhumana phakathi kwamadivayisi ahlukile.
Isibonelo, lapho idivaysi emugqeni wokukhiqiza ayijwayelekile, imininingwane ingadluliselwa kwisilawuli ngohlelo lokuxhumana, futhi isilawuli sizokhipha imiyalo kwamanye amadivaysi ngohlelo lokuxhumana ukuze bakwazi ukuvumelanisa ngokuzenzakalelayo isimo sabo sokusebenza, ukuze inqubo yonke yokukhiqiza ingahlala ekusebenzeni okujwayelekile.
● Qaphela ukwabiwa kwedatha
Ukuxhumana kwisilawuli kungabona ukwabiwa kwedatha phakathi kwamadivayisi ahlukile.
Isibonelo, idatha ehlukahlukene eyenziwe ngesikhathi sokukhiqiza, njengokushisa, umswakama, ingcindezi, yamanje, i-voltage, njll.
● Ukwenza ngcono ubuhlakani bemishini
Ukuxhumana kwisilawuli kungathuthukisa ubuhlakani bemishini.
Isibonelo, ohlelweni lwe-Logistics, uhlelo lwezokuxhumana lungabona ukusebenza okuzimele kwezimoto ezingahlelwanga futhi zithuthukise ukusebenza kahle nokunemba kokusatshalaliswa kwezinto.
● Thuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kokukhiqiza kanye nekhwalithi
Ukuxhumana kwisilawuli kungathuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kokukhiqizwa kanye nekhwalithi.
Isibonelo, uhlelo lwezokuxhumana lungakwazi ukuqoqa futhi ludlulise imininingwane kuyo yonke inqubo yokukhiqiza, luqaphele ukuqapha kabusha isikhathi sangempela kanye nempendulo, bese wenza izinguquko kanye nokwenza ngcono ukukhiqiza kanye nekhwalithi yokukhiqiza kanye nekhwalithi.
4. Isibonelo
● Imvamisa ivezwa ngama-volts, amashubhu kanye nemikhawulo yamanje. Isibonelo: 72v12 amashubhu 30a. Kuzwakala futhi ngamandla alinganiselwe ku-W.
● I-72V, okungukuthi, i-72V Voltage, ehambisana namandla kagesi wemoto yonke.
● Amashubhu ayi-12, okusho ukuthi kunamashubhu angama-12 aseMos (izingxenye ze-elekthronikhi) ngaphakathi. Amashubhu amaningi, anamandla amakhulu.
● 30a, okusho ukukhawulelwa kwamanje 30a.
● W Amandla: 350w / 500W / 800W / 1000W / 1500W, njll.
● Okuvamile ngamashubhu ayi-6, amashubhu ayi-9, amashubhu ayi-12, amashubhu ayi-15, amashubhu ayi-18, njll. Uma kukhulu amandla, amandla amakhulu, kepha ngokushesha ukusetshenziswa kwamandla
● Amashubhu ayi-6, ngokuvamile akhawulelwe ku-16a ~ 19a, amandla 250w ~ 400w
● Amashubhu amakhulu ayi-6, ngokuvamile akhawulelwe ku-22a ~ 23a, amandla 450w
● Amashubhu angu-9, ngokuvamile akhawulelwe ku-23a ~ 28a, amandla 450w ~ 500w
● Amashubhu ayi-12, ngokuvamile akhawulelwe ku-30a ~ 35a, amandla 500w ~ 650w ~ 800w ~ 1000w ~ 1000w
● Amashubhu ayi-15, amashubhu angu-18 ngokuvamile akhawulelwe ku-35a-40a-45a, amandla 800w ~ 1000w ~ 1500w
Mos tube
Kunama-plugs amathathu ajwayelekile ngemuva kwesilawuli, eyodwa 8p, eyodwa engu-6p, ne-16p eyodwa. Ama-plugs ahambelana komunye nomunye, futhi i-1P ngayinye inomsebenzi wayo (ngaphandle kokuthi ayinayo eyodwa). Izigxobo ezingezinhle nezibi nezintambo zesigaba ezintathu zemoto (imibala ihambelana)
5. Izici ezithinta ukusebenza kwezilawuli
Kunezinhlobo ezine zezinto ezithinta ukusebenza kwezilawuli:
5.1 Ishubhu lamandla alawulayo lilimele. Ngokuvamile, kunamathuba ambalwa:
● Kubangelwa ukulimala kwezimoto noma ukugcwala ngokweqile kwezimoto.
● Kubangelwa ikhwalithi engeyinhle yeshubhu lamandla uqobo noma ibanga lokukhetha alwanele.
● Kubangelwa ukufakwa okuxekethile noma ukudlidliza.
● Kubangelwa ukulimala kwi-Power Trave Drive Circuit noma ukwakheka kwepharamitha okungenangqondo.
Umklamo we-drive Circuit kufanele athuthukiswe futhi aqhathanise amadivaysi okuqhathanisa amandla.
5.2 Umjikelezo wokuhlinzekwa kwamandla wangaphakathi wesilawuli ulimele. Ngokuvamile, kunamathuba ambalwa:
● Isifunda sangaphakathi somlawuli sizungeza isikhashana.
● Izakhi zokulawula ze-peripheral zizungeza.
● Ukuhola kwangaphandle kunciphisiwe.
Kulokhu, ukwakheka kwesifunda sokuhlinzekwa kwamandla kufanele kwenziwe ngcono, futhi umjikelezo wokuhlinzekelwa kwamandla ahlukile kufanele yakhelwe ukuhlukanisa indawo ephezulu yokusebenza yamanje. Ucingo ngalunye lokuhola kufanele kube yimiyalo evikelekile futhi evikelekile kufanele ifakwe.
5.3 Isilawuli sisebenza ngezikhathi ezithile. Kuneminye imibono elandelayo:
● Amapharamitha wedivayisi akhukhuleka ezindaweni eziphakeme noma eziphansi zokushisa.
● Ukusetshenziswa kwamandla okuqamba wonke komhlaba kukhulu, okubangela ukuthi izinga lokushisa lakwamanye amadivaysi libe liphezulu kakhulu futhi ucingo uqobo lungena ezweni lokuvikela.
● Ukuthintana kabi.
Lapho le nto yenzeka, izingxenye ezinokumelana okufanele kwezinga lokushisa kufanele kukhethwe ukunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwamandla okuphelele kwesilawuli nokulawula ukukhuphuka kwezinga lokushisa.
5.4 Umugqa wokuxhuma izilawuli uneminyaka yobudala futhi ugqoke, futhi isixhumi sikuthintana kabi noma siwela, okwenza ukuthi isibonakaliso sokulawula silahlekelwe. Ngokuvamile, kukhona amathuba alandelayo:
● Ukukhetha ucingo akunangqondo.
● Ukuvikelwa kocingo akuphelele.
● Ukukhethwa kwezixhumi akukuhle, futhi ukukhwabanisa amahhanisi we-wire kanye nesixhumi akuqinile. Ukuxhumeka phakathi kwe-harness ye-wire kanye nesixhumi, naphakathi kwezixhumi kufanele kuthembeke, futhi kufanele kuvimbele izinga lokushisa eliphakeme, amanzi angenamanzi, ukushaqeka, oximation, oxidation, oximation, nokugqokwa.
