Ubushobozi n'ibibazo by'isoko rya moto y'amashanyarazi mu burasirazuba bwo hagati

Nk'uko amakuru avuye mu kigo mpuzamahanga cy'ingufu (IEAN) (IEA), imyuka ngarukamwaka ya karbone ya dioxyde mu karere ka kabiri ni hafi miliyari 1, hamwe na toni zo gutwara abantu, hamwe n'ibaruramari ry'imirenge.Amapikipiki y'amashanyarazi, nkuko ibinyabiziga bihubamo zeru, biteganijwe ko bizagira uruhare runini mu kugabanya umwanda wo mu kirere no kunoza ubuziranenge bw'ibidukikije.

Dukurikije Iea, Uburasirazuba bwo Hagati ni bumwe mu masoko nyamukuru umusaruro wa peteroli w'isi, ariko mu myaka yashize, ibisabwa by'akarere byagabanutse. Hagati aho, ingano yo kugurisha ibinyabiziga by'amashanyarazi yabaye umwaka ushize. Dukurikije imibare y'ibigo by'ubushakashatsi ku isoko, kuva muri 2019 kugeza 2023, umubare w'ikigo cy'amahoro buringaniye mu burasirazuba bwo hagati warenze 15%, byerekana ubushobozi bwayo bwo gusimbuza uburyo gakondo.

Byongeye kandi, Guverinoma z'ibihugu bitandukanye byo hagati byo mu Burasirazuba bwo hagati biratera politiki mu guteza imbere ibinyabiziga by'amashanyarazi. Kurugero, leta ya Arabiya Sawudite iteganya kubaka sitasiyo zirenga 5.000 muri 2030 kugirango ishyigikire iterambere ryimodoka z'amashanyarazi. Izi politiki n'ingamba zitanga imbaraga zikomeye ku isoko rya moto y'amashanyarazi.

MugiheAmapikipiki y'amashanyaraziKugira ubushobozi bwisoko runaka muburasirazuba bwo hagati, hariho ibibazo bimwe. Nubwo ibihugu bimwe na bimwe byo mu burasirazuba bwo hagati byatangiye kongera kubaka ibikorwa remezo byo kwishyuza, haracyari ikibazo cyo kwishyuza. Nk'uko amakuru avuye mu kigo mpuzamahanga cy'ingufu, ubwishingizi bw'ibikorwa remezo mu burasirazuba bwo hagati bugera kuri 10% gusa by'ingufu rusange zisaba imbaraga, munsi ya gato ugereranije no mu tundi turere. Ibi bigabanya intera norohewe na moto ya maremateri.

Kugeza ubu, moto y'amashanyarazi mu burasirazuba bwo hagati muri rusange bakizwe hejuru, ahanini biterwa n'ikiguzi kinini cy'ibice by'ibanze nka bateri. Byongeye kandi, abaguzi bamwe mu turere bamwe bashidikanya ku mikorere ya tekiniki no kwiringirwa kw'ibinyabiziga bishya by'ingufu, bigira ingaruka ku byemezo byabo byo kugura.

Nubwo isoko rya moto y'amashanyarazi rigenda ryiyongera buhoro buhoro, mu bice bimwe na bimwe byo mu burasirazuba bwo hagati, harakomeza inzitizi. Ubushakashatsi bwakozwe na sosiyete y'ubushakashatsi ku isoko bwerekanye ko 30% gusa by'abaturage bo mu burasirazuba bwo hagati bafite urwego rwo hejuru rwo gusobanukirwa moto y'amashanyarazi. Kubwibyo, kuzamura ubumenyi no kwemera ibinyabiziga by'amashanyarazi bikomeje kuba umurimo muremure kandi utoroshye.

TheAmapikipiki y'amashanyaraziIsoko mu burasirazuba bwo hagati rifite ubushobozi buhebuje, ariko kandi ihura n'ibibazo bitandukanye. Inkunga ya Leta, ubuyobozi bwa politiki, no guteza imbere tekinoroji y'ikoranabuhanga, biteganijwe ko isoko rya moto y'amashanyarazi rizatera imbere byihuse mu gihe kizaza. Mu bihe biri imbere, dushobora kwitega kubona ubwubatsi bwo kwishyuza ibikorwa remezo, kugabanuka kw'ibiciro bya moto y'amashanyarazi, no kwiyongera no kwemera no kwemerwa mu burasirazuba bwo hagati. Izi mbaraga zizatanga amahitamo menshi yuburyo burambye mukarere no guteza imbere impinduka no guteza imbere urwego rwo gutwara abantu.